ANTI-PHOSPHOLIPID PROFILE - (S)

Test Code: APHL

Alternate Name(s):
Anti-Phospholipid Antibodies
Antiphospholipid Antibodies
Anticardiolipin Antibodies
Cardiolipin Antibodies
Anti-β2-Glycoprotein 1
Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies
Beta-2 GP1 Ab

Phospholipid Antibodies occur in patients with a variety of manifestations:
* Thrombotic events both arterial and venous
* Obstetric abnormalities: unexplained fetal death, premature birth, placental insufficiency,  and severe preeclampsia
* Cutaneous abnormalities: livido reticularis, pyoderma gangrenosum
* Peripheral blood cytopenia, thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia
 
Diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome requires a positive test result of either cardiolipin,    β2-Glycoprotein or lupus anticoagulant on more than one occasion separated by at least 12 weeks, in addition to either thrombosis, fetal loss, or thrombocytopenia. Only IgG and IgM antibodies are tested as IgA antibodies lack specificity.
 
These antibodies are also known to be more frequent in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases and are also produced in response to infections and as a non-autoimmune epiphenomenon of thrombotic events.
 

_SH Immunology Autoimmune Laboratory Requisition (R250-10-85)

Reference Intervals:
Anti-β2-Glycoprotein 1 (IgG and IgM):   0 - 19 RU/ml
Anti-Cardiolipin (IgG and IgM):              0 - 11 PL-IgG(M)-U/ml
A negative result does not necessarily exclude autoimmune disease.  Positive results should not be interpreted in isolation and must be correlated with relevant clinical findings.

Method of Analysis:
The ELISA test kits provide a quantitative in vitro assay for human autoantibodies of the IgG and IgM class against cardiolipin and β2-Glycoprotein 1 in serum.

Within 1 Week

ELISA tests are batched tests

LUPUS INHIBITOR (Anticoagulant) STUDIES - HSC - (P)

	Sensitivity	Specificity
Anti-β2-Glycoprotein 1 IgG	43%	100%
Anti-β2-Glycoprotein 1 IgM	52%	97.5%
Anti-Cardiolipin IgG	67%	100%
Anti-Cardiolipin IgM	38%	99.8%